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2023-01-04
Background
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has been spotlighted as an attractive biomarker because of its easy accessibility and real-time representation of tumour genetic profile.
However, the clinical utility of longitudinal ctDNA monitoring has not been clearly defined.
ctDNA was sequenced using a targeted next-generation sequencing platform which included 106 genes.
Changes in ctDNA profile and treatment outcome were comprehensively analysed.
Results
A total of 272 samples from 62 patients were analysed.
In all, 90.3% of patients had detectable ctDNA mutation before treatment.
ctDNA clearance after chemotherapy was associated with longer progression-free survival which was independent of radiological response (adjusted hazard ratio 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.10–0.46).
Longitudinal monitoring was able to detect ctDNA progression which preceded radiological progressive disease (PD) in 58.1% (median 3.3 months).
Diverse resistant mutations (34.9%) and gene amplification (7.0%) at the time of PD were discovered.
For 16.3% of the PD patients, the newly identified mutations could be potential candidates of targeted therapy or clinical trial.
Conclusion
ctDNA profile provided a more accurate landscape of tumour and dynamic changes compared to radiological evaluation.
Longitudinal ctDNA monitoring may improve personalised treatment decision-making.