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Publication
Tumor Mutation Burden and Prognosis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Treated with Adjuvant Fluoropyrimidine and Oxaliplatin
2023-01-04
Abstract
Purpose: Recent sequencing studies revealed that a subset of colorectal cancer harbors a significantly higher number of somatic mutations.
These hypermutated tumors show distinct clinicopathologic features.
However, the prognostic impact of the hypermutated tumors is not clearly established.
Experimental design: We analyzed tumor mutation burden (TMB) from targeted next-generation sequencing data of 40 major genes in 516 patients with colorectal cancer.
TMB was defined as total number of nonsynonymous mutations per tumor.
In our patient cohort, 8 or more mutations in the 40 genes was defined as TMB-high, which best discriminated RFS.
A total of 55 patients (10.7%) had TMB-high.
TMB-high tumors were more frequently found in a proximal location (63.6%) and had a higher proportion of N0 disease (30.9%) and MSI-H (49.1%) compared with TMB-low.
Most importantly, TMB-high was associated with better 5-year RFS compared with TMB-low (96.3% vs. 79.8%, P = 0.005).
Although there was significant overlap between TMB-high and MSI-H, MSI-H status was not significantly associated with RFS.
Multivariate analysis revealed TMB-high as an independent positive prognostic factor for RFS [adjusted HR, 0.16 (95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.66), P = 0.011].
Conclusions: TMB-high is associated with better prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer treated with curative surgery followed by adjuvant fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin chemotherapy.